Productivity Software

Archive for December, 2009

i want to know which one of these laptops will play videogames better number 1 or number 2?

number 1.The Basics

Processor: Experience improved energy efficiency, expanded wireless connectivity, and amazing battery life with the 45nm Penryn series Intel Core 2 Duo T9300 processor, which has a 2.50 GHz processor speed, super-fast 800 MHz front-side bus (FSB), and a super-sized 6 MB L2 cache. (An L2, or secondary, cache temporarily stores data; and a larger L2 cache can help speed up your system’s performance. The FSB carries data between the CPU and RAM, and a faster front-side bus will deliver better overall performance.) The new hafnium-infused circuitry–which reduces electrical current leakage in transistors–conserves even more energy, giving you more time away from the wall outlet. And you’ll be able to encode video on-the-go and watch HD movies with Intel HD Boost.
The Intel Core 2 Duo processor has two computational execution cores in a single processor, providing greater system response when running multi-threaded applications simultaneously with no significant increase in power consumption. It’s optimized for multitasking and is ready to support the Microsoft Windows Vista operating system. It can simultaneously run multiple demanding applications–such as graphics-intensive games or serious number-crunching business productivity applications–while downloading music or running virus-scanning security programs in the background. Some of the advanced Intel innovations of the Core 2 Duo processor include:

Smart Memory Access: Improves system performance by hiding memory latency, thus optimizing the use of available computer data bandwidth to provide data to the processor when and where it is needed.
Advanced Digital Media Boost: Effectively doubles the execution speed for instructions used widely in multimedia and graphics applications.
Dynamic Power Coordination: Coordinates Enhanced Intel SpeedStep Technology and idle power-management state (C-states) transitions independently per core to help save power.
Deeper Sleep with Dynamic Cache Sizing: Saves power by flushing cache data to system memory during periods of inactivity to lower CPU voltage.

Hard Drive: This notebook provides a stunning 400 GB of storage, spread across two 200 GB Serial ATA hard drives (5400 RPM), offering one of the largest capacities you’ll currently find in a laptop You’ll enjoy the space for storing your entire music collection as well as your DVDs and downloaded TV shows and movies. This SATA hard drive also quickens the pace with a higher speed transfer of data–akin to Firewire and USB 2.0.

Memory: The 3 GB of installed RAM (PC5300, 1 x 2 GB, 2 x 1 GB) helps boost the amount of available video RAM that’s shared with this notebook’s video card. It also offers a top-of-class 667 MHz speed. This notebook has a 4 GB maximum RAM capacity (2 x 2 GB). To receive the faster data transfer benefits of the dual-channel DDR2 RAM, any RAM additions require memory modules of same capacity and clockspeed.

DVD/CD Drive: The dual-layer Labelflash DVD drive is compatible with a wide range of formats, including both DVD RW and DVD-RW discs, CD-RW discs, and dual-layer (DL) DVD /-R discs, which can hold up to 8.5 GB of data–great for backing up your MP3 collection or your most important documents. It features the following speeds: 4x DVD R DL, 4x DVD-R DL, 8x for both single-layer DVD R/-R, 8x DVD RW, 6x DVD-RW, 5x DVD-RAM, and 24x/16x for CD-R/RW. It reads DVD-ROM discs at 8x and CD-ROMs at 24x.
With the Labelflash functionality, you can burn high-resolution, high-contrast pictures on the label side of DVD discs using the same laser used for data recording. Enjoy transparency and high-quality not found in traditional printable media. All you need is a Labelflash DVD disc to start labeling without a printer.

Keyboard & Mouse: This notebook has a 104-key keyboard–with 10-keypad on the side–and electro-static two-button touchpad. It also offers CD/DVD media player and control buttons (play, stop, next, previous) as well as a volume control dial.
Screen, Video & Audio
This notebook has a 17-inch TFT display with a resolution of 1680 x 1050 pixels (native 720p for high-definition viewing). It also provides TruBrite technology, which makes images brighter and more vivid thanks to its anti-glare feature. Video is powered by the Nvidia SLI Dual GeForce 8600M graphics card, which provides up to 767 MB of available RAM/video memory (512 MB dedicated DDR3 RAM) for unmatched HD video performance on a notebook PC. (GDDR3, short for Graphics Double Data Rate, version 3, is a graphics card-specific memory technology that’s better able to deliver fluid frame rates for even the most advanced games and applications.) With support for Microsoft DirectX 10 Shader Model 4.0 and High Dynamic-Range Lighting (HDR), it lets you rip through all of today’s most advanced and cutting-edge games and applications. Experience real-time photo editing, or immerse yourself in the most complex, true-to-life gaming environments.
It includes the Dolby Home Theater set of features, which provide up to 5.1 discrete channels of crystal-clear digital surround sound as well as virtual 5.1-channel surround sound experience from any pair of stereo speakers. It also features four stylishly incorporated Harman Kardon stereo speakers with a built-in subwoofer.

Networking, Connectivity & Expansion
Be ready for the next platform in wireless connectivity with this notebook’s integrated quad-mode Wi-Fi chip. Based on the draft 802.11n Wi-Fi specification, it offers up to five times the performance and twice the wireless range as existing 802.11g wireless. It’s also backward compatible with 802.11b/g networks (commonly found in home routers and wi-fi hotspots) as well as 802.11a networks (which has a higher throughput, but more limited range–great for closed office environments). You also get super-fast wired connectivity, with a Gigabit Ethernet port (10/100/1000). You’ll enjoy wireless connectivity to a wide range of peripherals with the built-in Bluetooth 2.0 with EDR (enhanced data rate), which offers up to three times the bandwidth of standard Bluetooth.

It also includes a next-generation ExpressCard 54/34 card slot (as well as a standard PCMCIA slot), which lets you take advantage of thinner, faster, and lighter expansion cards for even more advanced wireless, networking, storage, and security features. You get a good offering of connectivity options:

6 USB 2.0 ports for connecting a wide range of peripherals–from digital cameras to MP3 players
1 FireWire (also known as IEEE 1394 or i.Link) port for connecting digital video camcorders and other peripherals
1 HDMI output (for connecting to a compatible HDTV or home theater receiver for uncompressed digital audio and video via a single cable)
Standard video output: VGA and S-Video
1 ExpressCard 54/34
1 headphone jack (with S/PDIF digital audio compatibility) and 1 microphone jack
5-in-1 memory card reader (Secure Digital, MultiMedia, Memory Stick, Memory Stick PRO, xD Picture Card)
10/100/1000 Gigabit Ethernet
56K modem (V.90)
Operating System
The Windows Vista Ultimate operating system (32-bit version) has it all–an advanced, business-focused infrastructure, mobile productivity, and premium home digital entertainment features. It offers all of the features found in Windows Vista Home Premium, including Windows Media Center, Windows Movie Maker with high-definition support, and Windows DVD Maker. It also provides all of the features found in Windows Vista Business, including business networking, centralized management tools, and advanced system backup features. In addition, Windows Vista Ultimate includes Extras such as:

Windows Hold’em, a poker game for players of all skill levels
Language packs for Windows multi-language interface, where users can install and use multiple languages on a single PC. Great for multi-lingual households or if you are learning a new language.
Secure Online Key Backup, where Ultimate users can store their BitLocker recovery password and Encrypting File System certificate on Windows Marketplace’s Digital Locker website for access to the key anytime, anyplace, and from any computer that has an Internet connection
BitLocker Drive Preparation Tool, an automated tool which removes the complexity of setting up your PC to use this exclusive data security feature.
Every edition of Windows Vista provides the essential tools and technologies to help protect you whether you are browsing the Internet, connecting to a wireless network, or just reading e-mail. All editions of Windows Vista include new tools that can warn you of impending hardware failures long before you have lost any important personal data. And, all Windows Vista editions include parental control features that allow you to manage and monitor your family’s use of games, the Internet, instant messaging, and other activities.

Preloaded Software
Microsoft Works 9.0, Google Desktop and Picasa, Ulead DVD MovieFactory 5, Norton 360 All-in-One Security (30-day trial), and Microsoft Office 2007 Home and Student Edition (60-day trial).

Dimensions & Weight
This notebook measures 15.7 x 11.3 x 2.05 inches and weighs 9.37 pounds.

Power
It comes with a 6000 mAH lithium-ion battery pack for extra-long battery life.

What’s in the Box
This package contains the X205-SLI6 notebook PC, rechargeable lithium-ion battery, AC adapter, remote control, and operating instructions. It is backed by a one-year limited hardware warranty.

Product Description
The Satellite X205-SLi6 is action at your fingertips for hard-core gaming or heavy-duty video editing in one sleek designed notebook, with eye-popping views from the brilliant 17-inch diagonal WSXGA TruBrite widescreen display. One-touch launch of the Dual Mode Pad and you face off in full throttle mode with the newest Intel Core 2 Duo T9300 processor with 6MB L2 Cache. Top gamers will appreciate the top-of-the-line NVIDIA SLI Dual GeForce 8600M GT graphics card with 512MB dedicated video RAM, for uncompromising gaming stamina for mind over muscle defeat of your opponent. Dual 200GB (7200rpm) hard drives, 3GB RAM as well as upgraded 1GB LAN connectivity for faster transfer rates provide an uninterrupted thrill-packed adventure. Burn, rip and store more multimedia files with the DVD SuperMulti drive and with the TV Tuner watch and record live TV programs. Amp up the audio with four built-in Harman Kardon speakers and subwoofer. Connect to LCD or Plasma TV in HD, courtesy of the HDMI connector with support for up to 1080i and 5.1-surround sound. 17.0 diagonal WSXGA (1680 x 1050) TruBrite TFT LCD display PCI-E x16 NVIDIA SLI Dual GeForce 8600M GT, 512MB GDDR3 discrete graphics memory, plus up to 255MB dynamically allocated shared graphics memory Built-in Webcam and microphone Toshiba USB HDTV 1080i Tuner (External) Labelflash DVD -R/RW SuperMulti Drive with Double Layer 4 Built-in Harman/Kardon Stereo speakers with 1 subwoofer Intel Wireless WiFi Link 4965 802.11A/B/G/N 10/100/1000 Ethernet LAN Bluetooth v2.0 (EDR) Fingerprint reader 5-in-1 Bridge Media Adapter – MMC, SD, MS, MS Pro, xD ExpressCard 54/34 Slot 6 x USB 2.0, Headphone out; Microphone-in, VGA, S-Video, HDMI, IEEE-1394, RJ-11(Modem), RJ-45 Approximate Unit Dimensions – 15.7 (W) x 11.3 (D) x 2.05 (H) Approximate Unit Weight – 9.37 pounds

or number 2.Intel Core 2 Duo T8300 2.4GHz Processor
3MB L2 Cache 800MHz Bus speed
3072MB DDR2 (PC2-5300) RAM Max: 4GB
320GB (2 x 160GB, 7200RPM) SATA Hard Drive
17.0" diagonal WSXGA (1440 x 900) TruBrite TFT LCD display
PCI-E x16 NVIDIA SLI Dual GeForce 8600M GT, 512MB GDDR3 Discrete graphics memory, plus up to 255MB dynamically allocated shared graphics memory
Built-in Webcam and microphone
Labelflash DVD±R/RW SuperMulti Drive with Double Layer
4 Built-in Harman/Kardon Stereo speakers with 1 subwoofer
Intel Wireless WiFi Link 4965 802.11A/B/G/N
10/100/1000 Ethernet LAN
Bluetooth v2.0 (EDR)
Fingerprint reader
5-in-1 Bridge Media Adapter: MMC, SD, MS, MS Pro, xD
ExpressCard 54/34 Slot
6 x USB 2.0, Headphone out; Microphone-in, VGA, S-Video, HDMI, IEEE-1394, RJ-11(Modem), RJ-45
Approximate Unit Dimensions: 15.7" (W) x 11.3" (D) x 2.05" (H)
Approximate Unit Weight: 9.37lbs

i want to know which one can play games like crysis and wow and assassins creed please help!

wow man you trying to write a book lol number 2 man wow it took me nearly 10 minute’s to read sure am glad that is over with lol ava

For sales or any job requiring customer contacts, try ACT! Software by Sage.

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Project Management Software is a simple Tool that helps Managers and the Team Members successfully plan, manage and execute the different Tasks involved in each Project. All the Project Management Software is equipped to perform the functions including Statistics and Reports, Manage Client Information, Projects, Tasks, Files, Contacts, Calendars, facilitating Multiple Projects and Multiple Users Management. Manage any project with ease, communicating all necessary details to your staff via the web.

Types of Project Management Software

There are several types of Project Management Software. It can be a desktop application and it can also be a Web-Based Software Solution to allow access from remote locations as needed. It can be a personal setup allowing only a few to access it or it can be a collaborative set up which would allow to access several users simultaneously. These Project Management Software Solutions can work for various types of organizations.

Web-Based Project Management Software is often termed as the latest generation high-level Project Management Software. In order to further assist web technique of Management many companies have come up with Project Management Tools. Project management System can help you to manage your project efficiently if the project requires contributions of multiple individuals or teams using a multi tiered development plan with in a allocated time and existing resources. It organizes not just the parts of project as landmark targets but also organizes the output of the team member in a comprehensive manner.

The salient advantages of the web based project management software are:

(a) It Helps the corporate sectors in increasing productivity as the Web-Based Software don’t required to be installed.

(b) It immensely useful in maintaining Multiple User Management, A Well-Organized Task Management Tool, Project Calendar and Email Notification.

(c) It also facilitates in getting the idea of numerous reports and comprehensive statistics, providing the overall big picture on project advancement.

Selecting Right Project Management Software

Project Management Software is designed to allow you to manage all aspects of your project needs effectively. There are various types of this software available but most will allow for complete management from the beginning through completion. Here are some of the benefits that you can expect from a Project Management Software that you choose.

They are:

• It should create multiple projects and tasks quickly and intuitively

• It should be simple, Easy to Use and user friendly as well

• It has the ability of working on some of the most complex of projects

Keeping all these aspects in mind we at Inventa Technologies have designed latest generation Online Project Management Software Tool which increases the effectiveness of your work and the happiness of your clients by making the work flow fully transparent to them. You can purchase the software and host it yourself, or subscribe for a monthly fee and let us take care of everything. Either way, we’ll provide industry leading support if you need it and will continue to add great new Project Management System features like:

1. Easy Project Management

2. Multiple User Management

3. Create Multiple Projects and Tasks

4. Security and Access Rights

5. Files Upload

6. Calendar

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Conclusion:

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What to Do Next…

If you have any queries regarding the above information or looking for a Project Management Software please contact us at Enquiry@InventaTech.co.uk or visit us on www.inventatech.co.uk

Inventa Technologies provides valuable information on Project Management Software, Web Based IT Project Management & Task Tracking Software System Tool, and designed to help organizations collaborate and Manage Client Information, Multiple Projects and Multiple Tasks, Files, Contacts and Calendars.

http://www.inventatech.co.uk/project-management-software.php

InventaTechnologies
http://www.articlesbase.com/software-articles/imortance-of-web-based-it-project-management-software-tool-and-online-task-management-software-121172.html

“The other part of outsourcing is this: it simply says where the work can be done outside better than it can be done inside, we should do it.”

~~ Alphonso Jackson — Secretary of United States Department of Housing and Urban Development

Those who are thinking about software outsourcing portions of labor for the first time may be feeling overcome and wavering about the idea of relying on some person outside the company to finish labor related tasks. The uneasiness with deciding whether or not to outsource labor stems chiefly from ignorance about the process of software outsourcing. This article will serve as a shepherd to those who are looking at software outsourcing for the first time and will supply information on how to choose experienced candidates, establish project requirements and enforce a deadline for project fulfilment.

Choose Experienced Candidates Carefully

One way to greatly simplify the process of software outsourcing is to give particular consideration to selecting an experienced prospective candidate to finish the outsourced tasks. This is extremely important because software outsourcing the project to an person who is experienced to finish the tasks and motivated to do a great job will make the software outsourcing endeavor much more likely to be successful.

To discover the proper candidate for the job, submit advertisements detailing the project requirements and preferences and carefully look over each application which is submitted. Immediately ignore applicants who are not experienced enough for the job. Then look over the applications of experienced candidates carefully and choose a small faction of the most favorable candidates. Next interview each of these candidates and certify their references and passed work experiences to discover more about these candidates and their abilities and work standards.

After interviewing these candidates it is time to make a choice about hiring one of the final candidates. Do not be glum if not any of the final candidates seemed suitable for the job because you are under no obligation to employ any of them. You can continue your search for an experienced candidate by placing your job ad again and soliciting new responses.

Establish Exact Requirements

When software outsourcing a project or tasks, it is very important to clearly specify the project requirements. This is absolutely critical because it is vital for the contractor to completely grasp the tasks which are being outsourced to guarantee he is fulfilling all of the requirements and finishing the work in a sufficient manner.

Failing to establish specific project requirements and goals can lead to a vast array of problems when software outsourcing a project. The contractor may feel as though he has completed the project as it was outlined but the employer may not agree. When this happens there can be detrimental delays until the issues can be fixed agreeably. In the instance that this is not possible it might be necessary to engage the help of a arbitrator to assess the agreement documents and the work produced to decide if the agreement terms were met.

“Outsourcing and globalization of manufacturing allows companies to reduce costs, benefits consumers with lower cost goods and services, causes economic expansion that reduces unemployment, and increases productivity and job creation.”

~~ Larry Elder — “The Larry Elder Show”

Enact A Firm Deadline

Another very important component of software outsourcing is establishing a firm deadline for the project. This is important to refrain from misunderstandings and to prevent late submissions of work. Setting milestone goals is also important because it gives the employer the power to assess the progress of the contractor during different stages of the project and to guarantee it is proceeding according to the timetable.

Ideally the deadline should be determined before the candidate is selected. This is extremely important because this enables the employer to certify that the contractor is available for the duration of the project. The schedule should be discussed early in the process of selecting a prospective candidate to refrain from selecting an ideal candidate only to discover htat he is unavailable when his services are required.

[You may use this article (or portion thereof) for your website, ezine or blog as long as you include the bio/resource box with hyperlinks.]

Edward M. Brancheau
http://www.articlesbase.com/outsourcing-articles/the-ultimate-guide-to-software-outsourcing-91607.html

Abstract

The current study looked at the relationship between risk free rate and stock market return. A five year monthly basis time series data from 2003-2007 of T-bills and KSE-100 index were taken for research study. For the analysis of data, simple regression model approach was applied. Stock market return was taken as dependent variable whereas Risk free rates as independent variables. Also, Pearson Correlation Matrix was also obtained through correlation model. The results suggested that risk free rates had no effect on dependant variable. Furthermore, no correlation between risk free rate and stock market return was found. Consequently, a bivariate relationship cannot exist between risk free rate and stock market return. A multiple regression model of the risk free rate and stock market return exhibits a strong autocorrelation, indicating that the stock market return is a function of more variable than risk free rate.

1. Introduction:

The risk free rate is the return on the security or a portfolio of securities that is free from default risk. Theoretically, the return on a zero-beta portfolio is the best estimate of the risk free rate. The CAPM predicts the relation ship risk of an asset and its expected return. This relationship is very useful in two important ways. First, it produces a benchmark for evaluating various investments. Second, it helps us to make an informed guess about the return that can be expected from an asset that has not been traded in the market.

Risk free rate is an increasingly essential ingredient of every return computed on financial assets. The security market line (SML) predicts a simple linear relationship between expected return and standard deviation while capital market line (CML) contributes a relationship between risk free rate and straight line emanating from risk free rate(Rf) to tangential to the efficient frontier.

Investors combine their uncorrelated securities help to lesson the risk of a portfolio. They want to know the reasonable level of risk reduction about their portfolios. Research studies look at what happens to portfolio risk as randomly selected stocks are combined to form equally weighted portfolios. When we begin with single stock, the risk of the portfolio is only the standard deviation of that one stock. As the number of randomly selected stocks held in the portfolio is increased, the total risk of the portfolio is reduced.

The total risk of comprise systematic risk and unsystematic risk. Systematic risk is due to risk factors that affect the overall market- such as changes in the nation’s economy, world energy situation, world political and economic situation. This kind of risk is not diversifiable even the well-diversified portfolio expose to this type of risk. The second component, unsystematic risk, is unique to particular company. It is independent to all factors regarding systematic risk. Investors always want to be compensated for taking systematic risk. They should not, however, expect the market to provide any extra compensation for bearing avoidable, diversifiable, unsystematic risk. It is this logic that lies behind capital asset pricing model (CAPM).

2. Significance of study:

This study aims to investigate the relationship between risk free rate (T-bills) and market return of Karachi stock exchange KSE-100 index. There was a controversy among the investors; some were of the view that Risk Free Rate affects the market positively while others were of the view stock market return moves independently irrespective of Risk Free Rates.

Thus in order to resolve this controversy, current study was conducted with the following objectives.

3. Objectives of study:

The following objective would be fulfilled during the study:

·        To see quantitative impact of Risk Free Rate on Stock market return.

·        To workout the correlation between risks free rate and stock market return.

·        Suggestions and recommendation for investors.

4. Literature Review:

Peter Easton at el (July 2000) elaborated the empirical estimation of the expected rate of return on a portfolio of stocks. They inverted residual income valuation model to obtain an estimate of the expected rate of return for a portfolio of stocks. They used analogous approach in estimation of internal rate of return on a bond using market value and coupon payments. They contributed through the use of stock price and accounting data to simultaneously estimate the unique implied growth rate and internal rate of return. They recommended adjusted growth rate for valuation return of stocks. They proved that estimated market premium over the risk free rate is closer to the historical premium that that obtained by other studies using earning forecast data.

Roger G. Ibbotson (July 2002) estimated long run stock market return participating in the real economy. He decomposed the 1926-2000 historical equity return into supply factors including inflation, earnings, dividends, price to earning ratio, dividend payout ratio, book value, return on equity and GDP per capita. He concluded that the growth overall economic productivity is in line with the growth of corporate productivity measured by earnings. The bulk of return comes from dividend payment and nominal earning including inflation and earning growth. In order to calculate incremental risk and return, bonds have been used as reference point.

Christian Lundblad (February 2004) discussed risk-return tradeoff which is fundamental to finance. Previous studies found weaker relationship between the risk premium on the market portfolio and variance of its return in spite of the positive relationship. He explained this weakness is due to the fact of small nature of available data, as an extremely large number of time- series observations are required to precisely estimate this relationship.  His main focus was on large span of data of each component required to compute the risk-return trade off which is indispensable for theory of finance.

Hui Guo and Robert F. Whitelaw (April 2005) developed evidence of intertemporal capital asset pricing model (ICAPM) and proved with the positive the relationship between stock market risk and return and  the extent to which stock market volatility moves stock prices. They provided new evidence on the risk-return relation by estimating a variant of Merton’s (1973) intertemporal capital asset pricing model (ICAPM). They identified the two components of expected return- the risk component and the component due to the desire to hedge changes in investment opportunities. They proved that the estimated coefficient of relative risk aversion positive, statistically significant.

Rong Huang at el (May 2005) in the study of BM company, used residual-income valuation model simultaneously to estimate relationship between long term growth rate in abnormal earnings and cost of capital. They related forward, earnings-to- price (FEP) and book- to-market ratio in a linear fashion. The slope coefficient on BM is the long-term growth rate of abnormal earnings (g), and the constant term is the effective cost of capital, i.e., the difference between the cost of capital (r) and the growth rate in abnormal earnings. To empirically implement this valuation representation, they used the analysts’ one-year-ahead earnings forecasts to compute FEP and  regressed  the difference between FEP and the risk free rate (rf) on BM diminished by one, such that the intercept captures the firm-specific risk premium (rp) and the slope coefficient captures the firm-specific, long-term growth in abnormal earnings (g). They extracted the risk-free rate from FEP to account for the covariance in FEP and the risk-free rate.

Mika Vaihekoski (2007) discussed how to compute risk free rate from money market instruments, especially for test of capital asset pricing model and event studies. He used US T-bills and CDs for calculation. He presented two alternative approaches: the interest compounding approach and price difference approach. He concluded that the price difference approach is superior to commonly used compounding method. He did event studies and time series with the help of US T-bills whereas they are used for calculation of risk free rates.

Tamal Datta Chaudhuri (April 2008) used a structural approach to stock market return, risk-free rate and Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). He developed a structural model, which shows interdependent relationship between risk free rate and stock market returns. It gives a new macroeconomics structural features which shape the price movement in stock exchange. He used a Granger test and a Sims test to prove the interdependence of two variables. He suggested that instead using of exogenous values of stock market returns and risk free rate, one should use estimated values of these variable form reduced form equation of Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM). He tested and proved with the data of individual companies.

5. Methodology:

5.1              Data collection

In order to conduct the current study all the stock markets of Pakistan were proposed, to be taken for study purpose. The stock markets in Pakistan were Lahore stock exchange (LSE), Islamabad stock exchange (ISE) and Karachi stock exchange (KSE) with different indices. Among these all, KSE-100 index was most important and working at top level in Pakistan. One hundred top companies from Karachi Stock Exchange comprise KSE-100 index. Historical data indicated that most of the investors were investing in the KSE-100. The performance of the total businesses of Pakistan can be viewed by the movement of KSE-100 index. Keeping in view, the importance of KSE-100 index, a sample of indices from (2003-2007) was selected for data collection and was taken as dependent variable.

Similarly T-Bill is an important instrument of monetary policy, operated by State Bank of Pakistan. Through the T-bills, the central bank of Pakistan controls the economy and interest rate of the country. T-bill rates were collected from the State Bank of Pakistan for same period and were taken as independent variables. Then the data were feed into the computer software in the work sheet form.

5.2              Hypothesis Formulation

Ho:         The risk free rate has no impact on market return.

Ha:         The risk free rate has impact on market return.

5.3              Hypothesis Testing

In order to test these hypotheses, simple regression model in the following form was applied. The regression model was as under:

Y = ? +? X1 + €

Where

X1       =         values of risk free rate

?          =         Y intercept

?          =         Slope coefficient

Y          =         values of stock market return

€          =         Error Term

It is estimated by the regression equation.

Where

?           =         values of stock market return in the sample

a          =         y intercept

b          =         slope coefficient.

x          =         values of risk free rates in the sample.

Whereas

b          =         slope of estimated regression equation

X         =         values of the risk free rates

Y          =         values of the stock market return

=         Mean of the risk free rates.

=         Mean of the Stock market return

n          =         Number of observations in the sample

Whereas

=         Mean of the Stock market return

=         Mean of the risk free rates

a          =         y intercept

b          =         slope coefficient.

 

 

 

 

The coefficient of determinant, R2 measures how well independent variable explains the dependent variable, that is, the degree of association between dependent variable and independent variables.

The applied model included one dependent variable and one explanatory variable. In the current study the risk free rate was considered as explanatory variable while market return as dependent variable.

6. Results and discussions:

Data collected from 2003-2008 years on monthly basis was analyzed by applying Simple Regression Model Approach in the following form.

Y = a +b X1 + €

Whereas

Y          =         Stock Market Return

X1        =         Risk Free Rate

b          =         Coefficient of X1

a          =         intercept

€          =         Error

6.1              Empirical Results

Empirical results drawn through regression model approach are given in the table below.

Table -1

 

 

 

Variables

Coefficients

t-Stat

 

 

 

Intercept

0.0399

2.782

 

 

 

Risk free rate

-0.0055

-0.843

 

 

 

R Square

0.012

 

 

 

6.2              Hypothesis Testing:

Ho       =         0

Ha       ?         0

Data in the table (1) revealed that there was negative association between risk free rate and market return. But statistically this variable was found insignificant. Thus null hypothesis was accepted that risk free rate was not significant explanatory variable. Alternative hypothesis was rejected. Figure (a) also indicates that there is no relation between them.

6.3               Coefficient of determination (R2)

It is the primary way, we can measure the extent or strength of association that exists between two variables, dependent and independent variables or in other way the coefficient of determination is developed to measure the amount of variation in dependent variable that is explained by the regression line.

Data given in the table-1 indicated that the estimated value of R2 was 0.0123 showing that the strength of association between stock market return and risk free rates was very poor or in other words, only 1.2% of the total variation in stock market returns was being explained due to independent variable.

Figure a

6.4              Correlation Coefficient

Coefficient of correlation is the second measure that can be used to describe how well one variable is explained by another variable. When study is based on some sample date, then coefficient of correlation is denoted by (r) and statistically is the square root of sample coefficient of determination.

Coefficient of correlation (r) = 2     —————— (b)

When the slope of estimation equation (b) is positive r is the positive square root but if (b) is negative, r is the negative square root. Thus sign of r indicates the direction of relationship between two variables-stock market return and risk free rate.

In the present study scenario the value of (r) coefficient of determination was found

r   = -0.11

Thus relationship between two variables was negative indicating that slop is negative. The amount of r was 0.11 which indicated that risk free rate was poor explanatory variable for stock market return.

In order to see the two way relationship between the two variables that is RFR and market return.  Pearson Correlation Matrix was obtained by analysis the data, through correlation model.

The results obtained through this analysis are given in the table-2.

Table-2

Correlation

 

 

RFR

M Return

 

 

 

RFR¹                Pearson Correlation

Sig. (2-tailed)

1.000

-0.110

0.403

 

 

 

M Return²        Pearson Correlation

Sig. (2-tailed)

-0.110

0.403

1.000

 

 

 

¹ Risk Free rates

² Stock Market Return

The above table-2 indicates that the correlation between risk free rate and stock market return is negative. The correlation -0.110 is in-significant as the P value is 0.403 > 0.05.

Data given in the table-2 indicated that there was found no significant relation between these two variables; it was found that RFR and Market return move independently with each other.

 

 

 

7. Conclusion:

Correlation coefficient is a standardized statistical measure of linear relationship between two variables. A positive correlation coefficient indicates that the returns from two securities generally move in the same direction, while a negative correlation coefficient implies that they generally move in opposite direction. A zero correlation coefficient implies that implies that the returns from two securities are uncorrelated; they show no tendency to vary together in either positive or negative linear fashion.

The current study had the prime objective to identify the some relationship between risk free rate and stock market return. It was concluded that the risk free rates had no effect upon stock market return. These variables move independently ineffective from each other as there was very poor correlation and weak association between the two variables. These results also consistent with the study of Confidence A. Amadi, (Associate Professor of finance at Florida A &M University) who conducted the study on the relationship between the market risk premium and risk free interest rate.

8. Recommendations:

In the current scenario of Pakistan, it was the dire need of the investors to find the securities having less correlation that can be used to diversify their portfolios for investments. In the volatile markets like Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE), the T-bill is a useful instrument for investors who want to shuffle and readjust their portfolios. Keeping in view the findings and conclusion of the current study, it was proposed and recommended for the investors that they may include T-bills in their investment portfolios in order to save their investments from total collapse. Such diversified investment reduces the risk and increase returns comparatively more. The applied regression model also supports this recommendation.

 

 

 

References:

1.              Empirical estimation of the expected rate of return on a Portfolio of stocks by Peter Easton 2000.

2.              Stock market returns in the long run: participating in the real economy by Roger G. Ibbotson, PhD. July 9, 2002.

3.              A structural approach to Stock Market Returns, Risk Free Rate and CAPM Tamal Datta Chaudhuri Investment Bank Of India, ltd. – Ibs Kolkata the ICFAI journal of applied finance, vol. 14, no. 4, pp. 21-31, April 2008.

4.              The risk return tradeoff in the long-run: 1836-2003 Christian Lundblad¤ October 2004 uncovering the risk–return relation in the stock market Hui Guo and Robert F. Whitelaw working paper 2001-001c January 2001 revised April 2005.

5.              An Intertemporal capital asset pricing model by Robert c. Merton Econometrica, vol. 41, no. 5. (Sep., 1973), pp. 867-887.stable URL: econometrica is currently published by the econometric society.

6.              On The Calculation of the Risk Free Rate for Tests of Asset Pricing Models Mika Vaihekoski* Comments are Welcome 01-03-2007.

7.              BM Company, Residual-Income Valuation Model to Estimate Relationship between long term growth rate in abnormal earnings and cost of capital. Rong Huang at el  (May 2005) Accounting Association, Goteborg

8.              Wadhwani, S.B., (1999) “The US Stock Market and the Global Economic Crisis,” National Institute Economic Review, 86-105.

9.              Stock Market Risk-Return Inference, an unconditional non-parametric approach by Thomas Mikosch and C¸At¸Alin St¸Aric¸a and the Danish Research council grant no 21-01-0546.

10.          Bond Portfolio Optimization A Risk-Return Approach by Olaf Korn and Christian Koziol Prof. Dr. Olaf Korn of Corporate Finance, ( March,2002) Aduate School of Management, Burgplatz 2, D-56179 Vallendar, Germany Dr. Christian Koziol, Chair of Finance, University of Mannheim, D-68131 Mannheim, Germany.

11.          On the relationship between the market risk premium and the risk-free interest rate by confidence w. Amadi (Sep, 2005) Finance at Florida A&M University.

 

S.M. Zahid
http://www.articlesbase.com/investing-articles/impact-of-risk-free-rate-on-stock-retuns-evident-from-karachi-stock-exchange-pakistan-694525.html

When profits go down, the first area in which a small business may want to save money is its help desk. This type of frugality has its costs, however, in the form of long call backlogs, angry customers, and eventually even lower profits. A better option would be to improve the efficiency of the help desk in order to ensure even better service at a lower cost. One of the best ways to accomplish this task is by purchasing help desk software to streamline operations.

There are a variety of help desk software packages on the market. Among the most popular are Support Wizard, Parature, and FootPrints. Help desk software can assist the small business owner in comprehensive, adaptable problem resolution including generating and tracking tickets, responding to requests, and automating communications using outlets such as through calls or email. Help desk software is particularly useful for small businesses in which key personnel often travel, because it can allow access to the help desk over the Internet.

In case you think it’s too expensive, consider the costs to the customer of a software-less help desk:

o Time wasted deciding where to go for help.
o Time wasted on hold for customer support personnel.
o Time wasted reading through dense product manuals.
o Time wasted through poor procedures and practices.

Ultimately time wasted for the customer will result in dissatisfied customers and poor business performance. Direct costs to your business may include:

o Lower employee productivity when staff is called away to assist.
o Duplicated support efforts.

Nevertheless, be prudent when considering the purchase of help desk software, because not all packages are appropriate for small businesses. Some packages include hidden charges such as frequent updates, so it would be a good idea to find out what updates are expected and how frequent they occur. Nevertheless, think carefully before going to the other extreme and using free help desk software available on the Internet – these packages usually have serious limitations and are appropriate only for very small operations. Nevertheless, small businesses should choose software with a relatively small number of features. Keep it simple because it’s unlikely a small business will need every feature of a complex product, so why pay for it?

Fred Jones
http://www.articlesbase.com/management-articles/help-desk-software-for-small-businesses-121380.html

Will this graphics card work with this computer?
Can this graphics card

GPU/VPU: NVIDIA GeForce 9600 GT

RAMDAC: Dual 400 MHz

Additional Features: HDCP Enabled
HDTV Ready
SLI Ready
DirectX 10
OpenGL 2.1
PCI Express 2.0
Vista Certified

Maximum Resolution: 2560 x 1600 (Digital)

Video Memory: 512MB

Memory Type: GDDR3

Memory Interface: 256-bit

Stream Processors: 64

Core Clock: 650 MHz

Memory Clock: 1800 MHz

Shader Clock: 1625 MHz

Interface Type: PCI Express 2.0

Interface Speed: x16

Connector(s): Dual DVI (Dual Link)
HDTV/S-Video

Multiple Monitors Support: Yes

be installed into this computer?

Components

* • Genuine Windows Vista Home Premium with Service Pack 1 (64-bit)
* • Intel(R) Core(TM) 2 Duo processor E7400 [2.8GHz]
* • 6GB DDR2-800MHz dual channel SDRAM [2x2048,2x1024]
* • FREE UPGRADE! 500GB 7200 rpm SATA 3Gb/s hard drive from 320GB
* • Integrated graphics (Intel(R) Media Accelerator 3100) [VGA]
* • HP w1858 18.5-inch 16:9 HD Ready Widescreen Monitor
* • LightScribe 16X max. DVD+/-R/RW SuperMulti drive
* • Integrated 10/100/1000 (Gigabit) Ethernet, No wireless LAN
* • 15-in-1 memory card reader, 2 USB, audio
* • No TV Tuner w/remote control
* • Integrated 7.1 channel sound with front audio ports
* • No speakers
* • HP keyboard and HP optical mouse
* • Microsoft(R) Works 9.0
* • No additional security software

Usage Business
Type Multimedia, productivity PC.
Chassis uATX
Memory card reader 15-in-1
Total memory slots 4 DIMM
Ports 6 USB (2 front, 4 back), 2 IEEE 1394 (1 back), 2 PS/2
Audio Front headphone, line-in, mic (7.1 speaker capable)
Total slots 1 PCIe (x16 graphics), 1 PCI, 2 PCIe (x1)
Energy Star Qualified Not applicable
Power supply 300 watts
Storage bay N/A
Dimensions 16.28"(L) x 6.89"(W) x 15.24"(H)
Modem Optional
Network interface Integrated 10/100/1000Mbps (Ethernet)
Software kit HP Pavilion software bundle
Movie creation software muvee Reveal (basic version)
DVD/CD burner software Cyberlink DVD Suite Deluxe
Warranty 1-year limited hardware
Support 1-year limited software, 1-year limited hardware support

I am going to change my power supply to 500W

If you change your Power Supply than yes it will work fine, make sure that if this card has a 6-pin power receptacle on it that the power supply you are buying has the 6-pin to go in it.

**Note: It never hurts to have too much wattage below your belt** <— At least that’s what Hidan says

1.Moore’s law states that the

2.The phenomenon of improved productivity resulting from the act of studying a process rather than from making changes in the process is referred to as

3.In creating a professional action plan, it’s important to

4.Software, biotechnology, and information technology hardware industries are examples of the type of knowledge industry that

5.The right not to be disturbed emotionally by conduct designed to subject the victim to great tensions by baring his intimate life and affairs to public view or by humiliating and annoying invasions of his solitude is the right of

6.Physical items like buildings and machinery are considered _______ capital

7.A measure of technological evolution is the Web year, which is _______ months

8.Social need, social resources, and a sympathetic social context are the three points of

9.The phrase used to describe a society in which information is sought out, evaluated, and valued is

10.Banking, insurance, telecommunications, and education are examples of the type of knowledge industry that

Ans1.
processing power of microchips doubles every 12 months.

Moores law:The number of transistors that can be inexpensively placed on an integrated circuit is increasing exponentially, doubling approximately every years.

Ans2. the Hawthorne effect.

Ans 3. Strong goal statement

Ans 4. has knowledge as its products and services

Ans 5. Right of privacy /Free speech

Ans 6. tangible Capital
Ans 7. 3 months

Ans 8.social impact within the current system.

Ans9. informed democracy

Ans 10.has knowledge as its product.

Hope this will help
Cheers:)

I am looking for a job and have the credentials, but not much experience. Can you please read my resume and cover letter to give me some insight as to how I can get a job? Also, any extra advice would be greatly appreciated. Thank you so much!! ‘Kisses’

COVER LETTER

Human Resources
Euclid Hospital

18901 Lake Shore Blvd.
Euclid, OH 44119
216.531.9000

Human Resources:

I am very interested in securing a position as an administrative medical assistant in your medical facility. I have gained a valuable understanding of the healthcare enviroment through the education I have received at Sanford Brown College and have successfully mastered administrative and clinical training.

Also, I am very detail-oriented and quality-focused with a successful record of handling difficult assignments. I am dedicated to upholding the highest standards of the healthcare industry. I feel that your excellent healthcare team will allow me to fully utilize my administrative and clinical skills as I embark into my medical career to grow both personally and professionally.

I look forward to an interview with you to further discuss my education and qualifications in the near future. Please contact me at XXX.XXX.XXXX or at the address above. I will follow up with your office further in the week to review the status of my application. Thank you for your time and consideration in this matter.

Sincerely,

XXXXXXX XXXXXX

Enclosure: Resume

RESUME

Objective
Certified Medical Billing and Coding Specialist / Medical Administrative Assistant seeking to obtain employment in a facility that will provide opportunities for advancement in the healthcare field.

Education
Medical Assistant Diploma, July 2008 – July 2009
Sanford Brown College, Middleburg Heights, Ohio
Medical Billing and Coding Diploma, August 2009 – Present
Sanford Brown College, Middleburg Heights, Ohio

Certifications
First Aid Certification
American Health Care Academy
CPR / AED Certification
American Health Care Academy
Phlebotomy / Electrocardiograph Technician Certification
National Healthcareer Association
Clinical Medical Assistant / Pharmacy Technician Certification
National Healthcareer Association
Medical Billing and Coding Specialist / Medical Administrative Assistant Certification
National Healthcareer Association

Skills
Administrative
Greets Patients, Appointment Scheduling, Patient Referrals, Patient Education, Peg-Boarding System, Information Verification, Calendaring, Reception, Filing, Reporting, Word Processing, Medical Transcription

Type 65 WPM, Microsoft Office Procifient (Access, Excel, Outlook, PowerPoint, Publisher, Word), Data Entry, Spreadsheets, Presentations, Documentation, Bookkeeping, Accounting, Typing, 10 Key Entry

Medical Billing Software, Medical Coding Software, Financial Software, Claims Adjustment, Accounts Payable and Receivable, Collections, Electronic Claim Submission, Billing Compliance, Coding Compliance

ICD-9 Coding, CPT-10 Coding, HCPCS, Third-Party Reimbursement, Worker’s Compensation, Medicare, Medicaid, Knowledge of HMO / PPO / EPO Plams, Insurance Precertification

Filing Systems Design, Database Administration, Information Security, Medical Office Accounting, Medical Office Management, Executive Support, Standard Development, Record Maintenance, Staffing Management, Supply Management

Correspondence Control, Travel Coordination, Event Management, Time Management, Budget Preparation, Operations Maintenance, Equipment Maintenance, Scheduling Expenditures, Information Analysis, Reports Analysis, Statistical Analysis

Clinical
Patient History, Charting, Triaging, Obtain Vitals (Temperature, Pulse, Respirations, Blood Pressure, Height, Weight), Assists Physician, Examination Room Preparation, Procedure Tray Preparation

Venipuncture, Capillary Puncture, Administer Injections, Dispense Medication, Electrocardiography, Microbiology, Urinalysis, Burn Treatment, Ear Irrigations, Nasal Swabbing, Catheterizations, Removal of Sutures, Casting, Splinting

Titmus Vision Screenings, Audiometry Testing, Rapid Strep Testing, Therapeutic Sonography, Preliminary Physical Examinations, Centrifuge Operation, Autoclave Operation, Equipment Sterilization, HIPPA / JHACO / OSHA Compliant

Courses
Medical Terminology, Anatomy and Physiology, Clinical Asepsis, Clinical Procedures, Health Insurance, Health Care Systems, Hematology, Pharmacology, Electrocardiography, Urinalysis and Microbiology, Career Development, Pacific Institute, Medical Office Accounting, Medical Applications, Computerized Billing, Medical Law and Ethics

Qualifications
Professionalism, Confidentiality, Teamwork, Energy Level, Customer Focus, Thoroughness, Decisiveness, Organization, Patient Services, Conflict Resolution, Productivity, Independence, Reporting, Listening, Oral Communication, Written Communication, Language Fluency, Legal Compliance,

Your Answer:
The Manager ADD THIS
Human Resources
Euclid Hospital
18901 Lake Shore Blvd.
Euclid, OH 44119
216.531.9000 WHAT’S THIS?

Human Resources: USE THIS INSTEAD: Dear Sir/Madam

I am very interested in securing a position as an administrative medical assistant in your (medical DELETE) facility. Through my administrative and clinical training at Sanford Brown College, I have gained a valuable understanding of the healthcare enviroment SPELLING

(Also, DELETE) I am very detail-oriented and quality-focused with a successful record of handling difficult assignments AND I am dedicated to upholding the highest standards (of the healthcare industry DELETE). I feel that A POSITION ON your (excellent DELETE) healthcare team will allow me to fully utilize my administrative and clinical skills as I embark (into EMBARK ON NOT INTO) my medical career( to grow both personally and professionally DELETE).

I WOULD VERY MUCH LIKE TO MEET WITH YOU IN PERSON TO (look forward to an interview with you to DELETE) further discuss my education and qualifications AT A TIME CONVENIENT TO YOU (in the near future DELETE). Please contact me at XXX.XXX.XXXX or at the address above. I will follow up with your office (further LATER) in the week to review the status of my application. Thank you for your time and consideration in this matter.

Qualifications (ARE THESE QUALIFICATIONS OR PERSONAL ATTRIBUTES OR SKILLS?)
Professionalism, Confidentiality, Teamwork, Energy Level, Customer Focus, Thoroughness, Decisiveness, Organization, Patient Services, Conflict Resolution, Productivity, Independence, Reporting, Listening, Oral Communication, Written Communication, Language Fluency, Legal Compliance,
9 minutes ago – 4 days left to answer.

Basic computing studies.Chapter 3 application software.Give a few ideas about productivity software i have no idea.PLEASE URGENT!

If you’ve ever used a word processing program, spreadsheet application or graphic design software, you’ve had some experience with productivity software. These are the tools people use to create and produce documents, presentations, databases, charts and graphs. It might not be the most exciting software on the market, but for many organizations, corporations and individuals, it’s a necessity.

Although there are hundreds of examples of productivity software available, there’s little doubt that Microsoft Office dominates the industry. That’s partly because the Windows operating system (OS), also produced by Microsoft, is the most common OS on PCs today. In fact, more than 86 percent of all computers in homes and offices run on some form of the Windows OS (source: W3C). Many computer vendors include full or trial versions of Microsoft Office on new Windows PCs, which might partly explain the software’s popularity.